Python Network - Connection Re-Use

When a client makes a valid request to a server, a temporary connection is established between them to complete the sending and receiving process. But there are scenarios where the connection needs to be kept alive as there is need of automatic requests and responses between the programs which are communicating. Take for example an interactive webpage. After the webpage is loaded there is a need of submitting a form data or downloading further CSS and JavaScript components. The connection needs to be kept alive for faster performance and an unbroken communication between the client and the server.

Python provides urllib3 module which had methods to take care of connection reuse between a client and a server. In the below example we create a connection and make multiple requests by passing different parameters with the GET request. We receive multiple responses but we also count the number of connection that has been used in the process. As we see the number of connection does not change implying the reuse of the connection.

Example - Reusing Connections

main.py

from urllib3 import HTTPConnectionPool

pool = HTTPConnectionPool('ajax.googleapis.com', maxsize=1)
r = pool.request('GET', '/ajax/services/search/web', fields={'q': 'python', 'v': '1.0'})
print('Response Status:', r.status)

# Header of the response
print('Header: ',r.headers['content-type'])

# Content of the response
print('Python: ',len(r.data))

r = pool.request('GET', '/ajax/services/search/web', fields={'q': 'php', 'v': '1.0'})

# Content of the response			 
print('php: ',len(r.data))

print('Number of Connections: ',pool.num_connections)

print('Number of requests: ',pool.num_requests)

Output

When we run the above program, we get the following output −

Response Status: 404
Header:  text/html; charset=UTF-8
Python:  1585
php:  1585
Number of Connections:  1
Number of requests:  2